Advanced Patterns

Modern design patterns that have emerged since the original Gang of Four book (1994). These patterns address challenges in cloud-native systems, concurrency, distributed data management, domain modeling, and more.

Cloud Resilience

Pattern	Intent
Circuit Breaker	Prevent cascading failures by stopping calls to a failing service
Bulkhead	Isolate components so one failure doesn’t sink others
Retry with Backoff	Handle transient failures by retrying with increasing delays
Sidecar	Deploy auxiliary functionality in a companion process

Concurrency

Pattern	Intent
Actor Model	Encapsulate state in actors that communicate via async messages
Future / Promise	Represent a value that will be available asynchronously
Reactor	Demultiplex and dispatch requests via a single-threaded event loop
Object Pool	Reuse pre-allocated objects to avoid expensive creation

Data & Messaging

Pattern	Intent
CQRS	Separate read and write models for independent optimization
Event Sourcing	Persist state as a sequence of immutable events
Saga	Coordinate distributed transactions with compensating actions
Publish-Subscribe	Broadcast messages through a broker without sender knowing receivers

Domain-Driven Design

Pattern	Intent
Bounded Context	Define explicit boundaries for a domain model
Aggregate	Cluster objects into a consistency boundary with a root entity
Anti-Corruption Layer	Translate between your model and an external system’s model
Repository	Mediate between domain and data layers with a collection-like interface

Structural & Creational Extras

Pattern	Intent
Dependency Injection	Supply dependencies from the outside for loose coupling
Null Object	Provide a do-nothing object to eliminate null checks
MVVM	Separate UI from logic via a ViewModel with data binding
Specification	Encapsulate business rules as composable predicate objects

Patterns in Practice

See how design patterns manifest in real-world systems:

Page	Covers
OS & Networking	D-Bus, systemd, udev, VFS, TCP/IP, nginx, DNS, TLS
Data & Distributed Systems	Databases, Kubernetes, Docker, Kafka, gRPC, Istio, Go, Rust
Hardware Design	PCIe, AXI, CPU pipelines, cache coherence, DMA, FPGA, secure boot